Conditionals

Conditionals in English

0 Conditional = something which is generally true

If + simple present + simple present

e.g. If you heat butter, it melts.

 

1^st Conditional = possible

a) If + simple present + simple future

e.g. If you study hard, you will pass your exams.

b) Imperative + or/and + simple future

e.g. Finish your job and you will be happy.

c) Imperative + if/in case + simple present

e.g. Call them if you need any help.

 

2^nd Conditional = imagining, improbable or impossible

If + simple past + simple conditional

e.g. If I were (was) rich, I would buy a Ferrari.

 

3^rd Conditional = past regrets

If + past perfect + conditional perfect

e.g. If I had eaten chocolate, I would have felt better.

 

Mixed Conditionals (2^nd + 3^rd )  = past & present situations together

If + simple past + conditional perfect (2^nd conditional for present + 3^rd conditional for past)

e.g. If tickets weren’t so expensive, I would have gone to the cinema last night.

If + past perfect + simple conditional (3^rd conditional for past + 2^nd conditional for present)

e.g. If James hadn’t fallen off his bike, he would be champion now.